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Bioinformatics Glossary
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Variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTRs)
DNA sequence blocks of 2-60 base pairs which are repeated from two to
more than 20 times in different individuals. This polymorphism makes VNTRs
very useful DNA markers used in genomic mapping, linkage analysis and also
DNA fingerprinting.
Variation (genetic)
Variation in genetic sequences and the detection of DNA sequence variants
genome-wide allow studies relating the distribution of sequence variation
to a population history. This in turn allows one to determine the density
of SNPS or other markers needed for gene mapping studies. Quantitation
of these variations together with analytical tools for studying sequence
variation also relate genetic variations to phenotype.
Vector
Any agent that transfers material (typically DNA) from one host to another.
Typically DNA vectors are autonomous DNA elements (such as plasmids) that
can be manipulated and integrated into a host’s DNA or recombinant viruses.
Virtual libraries
The creation and storage of vast collections of molecular structures
in an electronic database. These databases may be queried for subsets that
exhibit specific physicochemical features, or may be "virtually screened"
for their ability to bind a drug target. This process may be performed
prior to the synthesis and testing of the molecules themselves.
Visualization
Visualization is the process of representing abstract scientific data
as images that can aid in understanding the meaning of the data.
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